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Stainless steels are high-alloy steels which have high corrosion resistance compared to other steels due to the presence of large amounts of chromium. Based on their crystalline structure, they are divided into three types such as ferritic, austenitic, and martensitic steels. Another group of stainless steels are precipitation-hardened steels. They are a combination of martensitic and austenitic steels.
Grade 440C stainless steel is a high carbon martensitic stainless steel. It has high strength, moderate corrosion resistance, and good hardness and wear resistance. Grade 440C is capable of attaining, after heat treatment, the highest strength, hardness and wear resistance of all the stainless alloys. Its very high carbon content is responsible for these characteristics, which make 440C particularly suited to such applications as ball bearings and valve parts.
Chemical Composition ranges of 440C stainless steel
| Grade440C | ||
| Ingredients | Min. | Max. |
| Carbon | 0.95 | 1.20 |
| Manganese | – | 1.00 |
| Silicon | – | 1.00 |
| Phosphorus | – | 0.040 |
| Sulphur | – | 0.030 |
| Chromium | 16.00 | 18.00 |
| Molybdenum | – | 0.75 |
| Iron | Balance | |
Physical properties for grade 440 stainless steels
| Grade | Density (kg/m3) | Elastic Modulus (GPa) | Mean Coefficient of Thermal Expansion (mm/m/C) | Thermal Conductivity (W/m.K) | Specific Heat 0-100C (J/kg.K) |
Electrical Resistivity (nW.m) | |||
| 0-100C | 0-200C | 0-600C | at 100C | at 500C | |||||
| 440A/B/C | 7650 | 200 | 10.1 | 10.3 | 11.7 | 24.2 | – | 460 | 600 |
440C Related Specifications
| USA | Germany | Japan | Australia |
| ASTM A276-98b 440C SAE 51440C AISI 440C UNS S44004 |
W.Nr 1.4125 X105CrMo17 | JIS G4303 SuS 440C | AS 2837-1986 440C |
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